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  •    Auteur : Mill, John Stuart (1806-1873)
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Résumé : This two-volume work, first published in 1843, was John Stuart Mill's first major book. It reinvented the modern study of logic and laid the foundations for his later work in the areas of political economy, women's rights and representative government. In clear, systematic prose, Mill (1806–73) disentangles syllogistic logic from its origins in Aristotle and scholasticism and grounds it instead in processes of inductive reasoning. An important attempt at integrating empiricism within a more general theory of human knowledge, the work constitutes essential reading for anyone seeking a full understanding of Mill's thought. Volume 1 contains Mill's introduction, which elaborates upon his definition of logic as 'not the science of Belief, but the science of Proof, or Evidence'. It also features discussions of the central components of logical reasoning - propositions and syllogisms - in relation to Mill's theories of inductive reasoning and experimental method.

Résumé : An examination of sir William Hamilton’s philosophy is in several respects exceptional among Mill’s works. Although he devoted several major essays (such as “Bentham” and “Coleridge”), and one book (Auguste Comte and Positivism —originally a pair of essays) to individuals, only here did he subject an author’s texts to a searching and detailed analysis, sustained by an admitted polemical intent. Only part of the work is devoted to an exposition of Mill’s own views, and a few passages at most could be said to provide the kind of synthesis so typical of his other major writings. The kinds of revisions revealed by collation of the editions are also unusual in two related respects: a much higher proportion than in his other works is devoted to answering critics; and far more of the changes are in the form of added footnotes than is usual for him. Another difference is that the response to the book was immediate and strong: it elicited more reviews and critical replies in a short period of time than his Principles of Political Economy, System of Logic, and even On Liberty. Published in 1865, the first edition (of 1000 copies) sold out so quickly that a second edition was prepared within a couple of months, and a third edition, which was published two years after the first, would have appeared sooner had Mill not wished to answer his critics fully and at leisure. A fourth edition, the last in his lifetime, appeared in 1872 only five years after the third, and the work continued in demand for about twenty years.

Résumé : Réédition d'un texte de philosophie politique, publié en 1861, dans lequel J.S. Mill s'interroge sur la meilleure forme du gouvernement. Soucieux d'intégrer l'exigence de participation populaire, il s'est attaché en même temps à prémunir la démocratie contre les dangers que constituerait une tyrannie de la majorité. Sa théorie a donné lieu aux interprétations les plus contradictoires.

Résumé : La correspondance entre les deux philosophes.

Résumé : En 1869, l'auteur, député à la chambre des Communes, explique que le principe qui régit la subordination légale du sexe féminin au sexe masculin est mauvais en soi et représente l'un des principaux obstacles au progrès de l'humanité. ©Electre 2016

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